Great Britain
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![]() If prices (red) and wages (black) rise proportionally, the "real" earnings (the thin blue line) remain the same. You can only actually buy more if your earnings rise faster than the prices — the late 19th-century situation. ![]() Detail view: 1680-1730 ![]() The Century of Excessive Growth For more detailed information about the earnings rate and Consumer Price Index, see Lawrence H. Officer's |
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Year | Average Nominal Earnings (1700 = 100) |
Consumer Price Index (1700 = 100) |
Average Real Earnings (1700 = 100) |
---|---|---|---|
1600 | 82.4 | 92.4 | 89.3 |
1601 | 82.4 | 89.9 | 91.6 |
1602 | 82.4 | 87.1 | 94.5 |
1603 | 82.4 | 84.4 | 97.6 |
1604 | 69.1 | 86.6 | 80.0 |
1605 | 83.0 | 87.1 | 95.2 |
1606 | 90.6 | 93.5 | 96.9 |
1607 | 82.4 | 91.0 | 90.7 |
1608 | 83.7 | 107.6 | 77.8 |
1609 | 82.4 | 98.8 | 83.5 |
1610 | 83.7 | 88.9 | 94.3 |
1611 | 83.7 | 81.8 | 102.4 |
1612 | 83.9 | 92.6 | 90.7 |
1613 | 73.5 | 97.0 | 75.9 |
1614 | 69.9 | 100.2 | 69.9 |
1615 | 85.2 | 99.1 | 85.9 |
1616 | 78.1 | 99.3 | 78.8 |
1617 | 93.1 | 94.9 | 98.3 |
1618 | 79.2 | 92.6 | 85.7 |
1619 | 88.3 | 87.3 | 101.2 |
1620 | 104.2 | 85.7 | 121.7 |
1621 | 86.3 | 81.4 | 106.0 |
1622 | 79.5 | 92.4 | 86.2 |
1623 | 88.4 | 103.9 | 85.2 |
1624 | 88.4 | 95.9 | 92.4 |
1625 | 90.3 | 94.3 | 95.7 |
1626 | 98.0 | 97.5 | 100.5 |
1627 | 86.6 | 87.6 | 98.8 |
1628 | 86.7 | 82.3 | 105.5 |
1629 | 86.7 | 90.1 | 96.2 |
1630 | 86.7 | 105.1 | 82.6 |
1631 | 86.7 | 120.5 | 72.1 |
1632 | 97.4 | 102.5 | 95.2 |
1633 | 100.6 | 99.8 | 101.0 |
1634 | 97.4 | 108.0 | 90.2 |
1635 | 102.0 | 105.5 | 96.9 |
1636 | 100.6 | 104.8 | 96.2 |
1637 | 100.6 | 109.7 | 91.6 |
1638 | 104.4 | 124.9 | 83.5 |
1639 | 90.5 | 107.2 | 84.5 |
1640 | 90.7 | 96.5 | 94.0 |
1641 | 104.1 | 103.5 | 100.7 |
1642 | 104.4 | 98.4 | 106.2 |
1643 | 86.9 | 97.7 | 89.0 |
1644 | 88.6 | 93.8 | 94.5 |
1645 | 90.7 | 101.4 | 89.5 |
1646 | 100.8 | 100.5 | 100.5 |
1647 | 104.6 | 117.8 | 88.8 |
1648 | 104.6 | 136.0 | 77.1 |
1649 | 104.6 | 145.1 | 72.1 |
1650 | 104.6 | 148.2 | 70.6 |
1651 | 104.6 | 124.4 | 84.2 |
1652 | 104.6 | 114.5 | 91.4 |
1653 | 104.9 | 102.3 | 102.6 |
1654 | 104.6 | 95.9 | 109.1 |
1655 | 108.7 | 93.8 | 116.0 |
1656 | 108.7 | 98.8 | 110.0 |
1657 | 108.6 | 108.1 | 100.5 |
1658 | 104.9 | 114.1 | 91.9 |
1659 | 108.7 | 123.7 | 87.8 |
1660 | 108.7 | 120.8 | 90.0 |
1661 | 108.7 | 114.5 | 95.0 |
1662 | 108.7 | 135.9 | 80.0 |
1663 | 108.7 | 119.3 | 91.2 |
1664 | 108.7 | 116.1 | 93.8 |
1665 | 104.9 | 108.8 | 96.4 |
1666 | 115.7 | 117.3 | 98.6 |
1667 | 115.7 | 101.9 | 113.6 |
1668 | 104.6 | 106.4 | 98.6 |
1669 | 115.7 | 101.1 | 114.6 |
1670 | 108.7 | 101.9 | 106.7 |
1671 | 108.7 | 98.8 | 110.0 |
1672 | 116.6 | 97.0 | 120.3 |
1673 | 109.7 | 112.5 | 97.6 |
1674 | 109.2 | 119.3 | 91.6 |
1675 | 110.7 | 103.8 | 106.7 |
1676 | 110.5 | 99.7 | 111.0 |
1677 | 106.5 | 104.5 | 101.9 |
1678 | 104.9 | 106.3 | 98.8 |
1679 | 105.7 | 100.2 | 105.5 |
1680 | 109.7 | 103.0 | 106.7 |
1681 | 105.7 | 101.8 | 103.8 |
1682 | 104.1 | 100.0 | 104.1 |
1683 | 110.5 | 97.5 | 113.4 |
1684 | 107.0 | 105.3 | 101.7 |
1685 | 107.2 | 97.4 | 110.3 |
1686 | 101.5 | 98.2 | 103.3 |
1687 | 99.3 | 88.1 | 112.9 |
1688 | 115.3 | 85.3 | 135.3 |
1689 | 100.9 | 93.2 | 108.4 |
1690 | 103.2 | 89.3 | 115.8 |
1691 | 103.1 | 97.1 | 106.2 |
1692 | 103.9 | 108.3 | 95.9 |
1693 | 106.0 | 120.5 | 88.1 |
1694 | 108.4 | 103.8 | 104.5 |
1695 | 99.0 | 120.4 | 82.3 |
1696 | 100.4 | 121.3 | 82.8 |
1697 | 99.6 | 128.1 | 77.8 |
1698 | 99.6 | 128.2 | 77.8 |
1699 | 100.5 | 117.8 | 85.2 |
1700 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
1701 | 101.1 | 92.8 | 109.1 |
1702 | 106.8 | 89.3 | 119.8 |
1703 | 102.5 | 95.7 | 107.2 |
1704 | 103.3 | 91.7 | 112.6 |
1705 | 100.1 | 86.4 | 116.0 |
1706 | 103.7 | 87.0 | 119.3 |
1707 | 108.5 | 93.1 | 116.7 |
1708 | 109.4 | 112.3 | 97.4 |
1709 | 105.4 | 127.0 | 83.1 |
1710 | 99.8 | 113.6 | 87.8 |
1711 | 100.6 | 117.4 | 85.7 |
1712 | 96.6 | 101.8 | 95.0 |
1713 | 98.0 | 109.2 | 89.7 |
1714 | 104.0 | 98.3 | 106.0 |
1715 | 104.0 | 101.9 | 102.1 |
1716 | 108.0 | 100.7 | 107.2 |
1717 | 107.2 | 97.7 | 109.8 |
1718 | 111.6 | 92.7 | 120.5 |
1719 | 107.6 | 99.0 | 108.8 |
1720 | 104.5 | 98.3 | 106.4 |
1721 | 103.7 | 94.3 | 110.0 |
1722 | 109.2 | 95.8 | 114.1 |
1723 | 111.6 | 93.0 | 120.0 |
1724 | 107.6 | 97.5 | 110.5 |
1725 | 102.1 | 106.0 | 96.4 |
1726 | 105.2 | 101.8 | 103.6 |
1727 | 107.6 | 113.8 | 94.5 |
1728 | 107.6 | 117.0 | 92.1 |
1729 | 110.0 | 100.2 | 109.8 |
1730 | 108.4 | 93.0 | 116.7 |
1731 | 110.0 | 86.5 | 127.2 |
1732 | 110.8 | 85.4 | 129.8 |
1733 | 113.2 | 89.8 | 126.0 |
1734 | 114.0 | 95.2 | 119.8 |
1735 | 112.7 | 97.7 | 115.3 |
1736 | 114.8 | 94.4 | 121.7 |
1737 | 109.3 | 92.8 | 117.9 |
1738 | 114.8 | 90.1 | 127.4 |
1739 | 118.0 | 101.5 | 116.5 |
1740 | 112.4 | 113.4 | 99.3 |
1741 | 107.7 | 101.8 | 105.7 |
1742 | 114.8 | 90.1 | 127.4 |
1743 | 113.7 | 82.3 | 138.2 |
1744 | 113.1 | 83.6 | 135.3 |
1745 | 113.1 | 91.9 | 123.2 |
1746 | 111.6 | 93.0 | 120.0 |
1747 | 112.4 | 91.5 | 122.9 |
1748 | 111.6 | 96.5 | 115.8 |
1749 | 110.8 | 94.4 | 117.4 |
1750 | 111.0 | 94.0 | 118.1 |
1751 | 113.9 | 100.7 | 113.1 |
1752 | 113.9 | 103.5 | 110.3 |
1753 | 111.6 | 98.6 | 113.1 |
1754 | 112.4 | 100.2 | 112.2 |
1755 | 112.4 | 108.9 | 103.3 |
1756 | 110.0 | 125.5 | 87.6 |
1757 | 111.6 | 119.5 | 93.3 |
1758 | 115.5 | 102.1 | 113.1 |
1759 | 114.7 | 97.7 | 117.4 |
1760 | 117.1 | 92.6 | 126.5 |
1761 | 116.3 | 94.4 | 123.2 |
1762 | 114.7 | 98.3 | 116.7 |
1763 | 117.1 | 105.5 | 111.0 |
1764 | 116.3 | 116.9 | 99.5 |
1765 | 116.3 | 120.8 | 96.4 |
1766 | 117.9 | 132.5 | 89.0 |
1767 | 118.7 | 128.5 | 92.4 |
1768 | 117.9 | 118.0 | 100.0 |
1769 | 119.5 | 114.6 | 104.3 |
1770 | 119.5 | 122.7 | 97.4 |
1771 | 120.8 | 130.0 | 93.1 |
1772 | 121.8 | 136.2 | 89.5 |
1773 | 121.8 | 136.8 | 89.0 |
1774 | 122.4 | 134.8 | 90.9 |
1775 | 122.2 | 133.6 | 91.6 |
1776 | 122.2 | 125.1 | 97.9 |
1777 | 125.4 | 130.5 | 96.2 |
1778 | 127.2 | 132.5 | 95.9 |
1779 | 127.7 | 125.7 | 101.7 |
1780 | 129.1 | 127.1 | 101.7 |
1781 | 134.0 | 139.6 | 95.9 |
1782 | 133.6 | 140.5 | 95.2 |
1783 | 131.2 | 140.9 | 93.1 |
1784 | 129.2 | 133.9 | 96.7 |
1785 | 129.4 | 128.0 | 101.2 |
1786 | 131.1 | 127.2 | 103.1 |
1787 | 131.8 | 129.5 | 101.9 |
1788 | 134.4 | 131.5 | 102.1 |
1789 | 136.2 | 131.1 | 104.1 |
1790 | 140.4 | 139.6 | 100.7 |
1791 | 143.0 | 138.0 | 103.6 |
1792 | 145.9 | 134.8 | 108.4 |
1793 | 152.8 | 143.0 | 106.9 |
1794 | 159.6 | 147.4 | 108.4 |
1795 | 171.1 | 170.6 | 100.5 |
1796 | 178.9 | 174.7 | 102.4 |
1797 | 181.9 | 157.3 | 115.8 |
1798 | 188.0 | 159.4 | 118.1 |
1799 | 197.1 | 192.8 | 102.4 |
1800 | 208.5 | 250.7 | 83.3 |
1801 | 208.9 | 237.1 | 88.1 |
1802 | 204.7 | 182.9 | 111.9 |
1803 | 208.5 | 180.4 | 115.5 |
1804 | 218.1 | 192.9 | 113.1 |
1805 | 232.7 | 216.6 | 107.4 |
1806 | 234.9 | 208.4 | 112.9 |
1807 | 236.1 | 206.6 | 114.3 |
1808 | 236.9 | 217.7 | 108.8 |
1809 | 242.3 | 237.2 | 102.1 |
1810 | 247.8 | 240.0 | 103.3 |
1811 | 248.5 | 243.9 | 101.9 |
1812 | 254.1 | 270.8 | 93.8 |
1813 | 253.8 | 272.5 | 93.3 |
1814 | 250.2 | 244.8 | 102.1 |
1815 | 239.3 | 209.6 | 114.3 |
1816 | 235.7 | 229.5 | 102.9 |
1817 | 232.2 | 231.8 | 100.2 |
1818 | 227.1 | 226.2 | 100.5 |
1819 | 225.4 | 216.9 | 104.1 |
1820 | 218.9 | 201.4 | 108.8 |
1821 | 208.2 | 186.9 | 111.5 |
1822 | 205.0 | 172.6 | 118.9 |
1823 | 201.6 | 178.4 | 113.1 |
1824 | 203.5 | 185.9 | 109.5 |
1825 | 206.7 | 195.9 | 105.5 |
1826 | 206.4 | 187.3 | 110.3 |
1827 | 202.4 | 178.8 | 113.1 |
1828 | 202.1 | 180.6 | 111.9 |
1829 | 201.7 | 184.4 | 109.5 |
1830 | 199.9 | 178.6 | 111.9 |
1831 | 201.1 | 180.8 | 111.2 |
1832 | 201.7 | 174.4 | 115.8 |
1833 | 201.3 | 167.2 | 120.5 |
1834 | 201.9 | 163.1 | 123.9 |
1835 | 200.1 | 157.4 | 127.2 |
1836 | 204.6 | 172.7 | 118.6 |
1837 | 208.0 | 179.0 | 116.2 |
1838 | 211.9 | 186.3 | 113.8 |
1839 | 215.1 | 192.4 | 111.9 |
1840 | 216.3 | 190.5 | 113.6 |
1841 | 216.3 | 187.1 | 115.8 |
1842 | 215.0 | 176.4 | 122.0 |
1843 | 211.9 | 162.2 | 130.8 |
1844 | 212.9 | 167.5 | 127.2 |
1845 | 215.1 | 168.1 | 128.2 |
1846 | 223.9 | 188.0 | 119.1 |
1847 | 229.6 | 201.4 | 114.1 |
1848 | 219.9 | 172.4 | 127.7 |
1849 | 216.1 | 165.4 | 130.8 |
1850 | 215.0 | 158.3 | 135.8 |
1851 | 215.0 | 155.0 | 138.9 |
1852 | 217.9 | 157.1 | 138.7 |
1853 | 231.4 | 181.8 | 127.4 |
1854 | 244.6 | 196.1 | 124.8 |
1855 | 250.6 | 200.0 | 125.3 |
1856 | 254.6 | 201.1 | 126.7 |
1857 | 252.3 | 196.4 | 128.6 |
1858 | 244.9 | 176.4 | 138.9 |
1859 | 247.1 | 178.2 | 138.7 |
1860 | 254.1 | 192.1 | 132.2 |
1861 | 257.2 | 194.4 | 132.5 |
1862 | 259.2 | 193.2 | 134.1 |
1863 | 258.7 | 185.5 | 139.6 |
1864 | 261.8 | 183.4 | 143.0 |
1865 | 269.5 | 186.6 | 144.6 |
1866 | 279.1 | 198.4 | 140.8 |
1867 | 281.7 | 208.9 | 134.8 |
1868 | 279.6 | 202.6 | 138.2 |
1869 | 277.0 | 189.3 | 146.3 |
1870 | 281.7 | 190.1 | 148.2 |
1871 | 290.7 | 195.5 | 148.9 |
1872 | 306.5 | 203.7 | 150.6 |
1873 | 322.5 | 205.3 | 157.3 |
1874 | 321.2 | 196.0 | 164.0 |
1875 | 319.2 | 193.1 | 165.4 |
1876 | 320.2 | 193.5 | 165.6 |
1877 | 320.2 | 193.3 | 165.6 |
1878 | 315.2 | 187.5 | 168.3 |
1879 | 309.6 | 179.1 | 173.0 |
1880 | 311.0 | 182.7 | 170.4 |
1881 | 313.9 | 180.4 | 174.0 |
1882 | 317.2 | 180.7 | 175.7 |
1883 | 319.4 | 180.7 | 176.8 |
1884 | 318.0 | 174.6 | 182.3 |
1885 | 315.4 | 168.5 | 187.4 |
1886 | 313.2 | 167.0 | 187.6 |
1887 | 315.0 | 163.7 | 192.6 |
1888 | 319.4 | 163.3 | 195.7 |
1889 | 326.0 | 164.6 | 198.1 |
1890 | 337.5 | 165.3 | 204.3 |
1891 | 341.9 | 166.6 | 205.3 |
1892 | 343.6 | 167.4 | 205.5 |
1893 | 342.7 | 164.0 | 209.1 |
1894 | 345.4 | 159.8 | 216.2 |
1895 | 345.8 | 157.6 | 219.6 |
1896 | 350.2 | 157.2 | 222.9 |
1897 | 356.4 | 160.3 | 222.4 |
1898 | 363.5 | 163.3 | 222.7 |
1899 | 369.7 | 161.6 | 228.9 |
1900 | 381.1 | 168.1 | 226.7 |
1901 | 385.5 | 167.6 | 230.3 |
1902 | 386.0 | 167.6 | 230.5 |
1903 | 387.7 | 169.4 | 229.1 |
1904 | 388.2 | 168.9 | 230.1 |
1905 | 390.4 | 169.4 | 230.5 |
1906 | 395.7 | 169.2 | 233.9 |
1907 | 404.5 | 172.0 | 235.3 |
1908 | 407.1 | 174.2 | 233.9 |
1909 | 407.6 | 174.6 | 233.7 |
1910 | 411.6 | 178.3 | 231.0 |
1911 | 418.2 | 178.7 | 234.1 |
1912 | 427.4 | 183.8 | 232.7 |
1913 | 441.1 | 184.9 | 238.7 |
1914 | 445.5 | 189.6 | 235.1 |
1915 | 516.1 | 227.1 | 227.4 |
1916 | 586.7 | 268.4 | 218.9 |
1917 | 749.9 | 324.8 | 231.0 |
1918 | 930.7 | 373.6 | 249.4 |
1919 | 1063.1 | 396.0 | 268.7 |
1920 | 1226.3 | 452.9 | 270.9 |
1921 | 1151.3 | 410.2 | 280.9 |
1922 | 927.7 | 333.3 | 278.5 |
1923 | 862.8 | 319.0 | 270.6 |
1924 | 875.2 | 319.0 | 274.5 |
1925 | 882.2 | 319.0 | 276.6 |
1926 | 862.4 | 313.5 | 275.2 |
1927 | 878.3 | 304.8 | 288.3 |
1928 | 867.7 | 302.0 | 287.6 |
1929 | 869.4 | 299.2 | 290.7 |
1930 | 863.7 | 287.8 | 300.2 |
1931 | 847.4 | 267.8 | 316.7 |
1932 | 832.8 | 262.1 | 317.9 |
1933 | 827.5 | 256.3 | 323.2 |
1934 | 836.3 | 256.3 | 326.5 |
1935 | 848.7 | 262.1 | 324.1 |
1936 | 868.1 | 267.8 | 324.3 |
1937 | 889.3 | 282.0 | 315.5 |
1938 | 920.2 | 285.0 | 323.2 |
1939 | 944.5 | 293.5 | 322.0 |
1940 | 1194.5 | 333.3 | 358.7 |
1941 | 1309.0 | 367.5 | 356.6 |
1942 | 1408.0 | 390.4 | 360.9 |
1943 | 1567.8 | 404.7 | 387.6 |
1944 | 1661.5 | 413.2 | 402.4 |
1945 | 1638.9 | 421.7 | 389.0 |
1946 | 1680.6 | 438.7 | 383.3 |
1947 | 1836.8 | 464.4 | 395.7 |
1948 | 2010.5 | 498.6 | 403.6 |
1949 | 2093.8 | 512.5 | 408.8 |
1950 | 2191.0 | 528.2 | 415.0 |
1951 | 2411.5 | 576.4 | 418.6 |
1952 | 2600.7 | 629.4 | 413.6 |
1953 | 2760.5 | 649.0 | 425.5 |
1954 | 2942.8 | 660.7 | 445.8 |
1955 | 3217.1 | 690.7 | 466.1 |
1956 | 3470.6 | 724.6 | 479.2 |
1957 | 3633.7 | 751.5 | 483.8 |
1958 | 3758.8 | 774.3 | 485.7 |
1959 | 3928.9 | 778.5 | 505.0 |
1960 | 4185.8 | 786.4 | 532.7 |
1961 | 4437.6 | 813.4 | 546.1 |
1962 | 4597.3 | 848.0 | 542.5 |
1963 | 4788.3 | 864.7 | 554.2 |
1964 | 5153.2 | 893.1 | 577.3 |
1965 | 5518.1 | 935.7 | 590.2 |
1966 | 5883.0 | 972.4 | 605.5 |
1967 | 6091.5 | 996.6 | 611.7 |
1968 | 6568.1 | 1043.3 | 629.8 |
1969 | 7089.4 | 1100.1 | 644.9 |
1970 | 7945.7 | 1170.2 | 679.5 |
1971 | 8839.3 | 1280.2 | 690.9 |
1972 | 9978.7 | 1371.5 | 728.2 |
1973 | 11326.6 | 1497.9 | 756.6 |
1974 | 13337.2 | 1737.7 | 768.0 |
1975 | 16874.5 | 2157.8 | 782.6 |
1976 | 19495.8 | 2513.9 | 776.1 |
1977 | 21241.4 | 2913.1 | 729.6 |
1978 | 23997.6 | 3154.8 | 761.1 |
1979 | 27709.3 | 3577.7 | 774.9 |
1980 | 33460.7 | 4220.7 | 793.3 |
1981 | 37785.9 | 4721.3 | 801.0 |
1982 | 41330.2 | 5127.0 | 806.7 |
1983 | 44814.5 | 5364.4 | 836.0 |
1984 | 47547.8 | 5629.8 | 845.1 |
1985 | 51572.7 | 5972.9 | 864.0 |
1986 | 55646.9 | 6176.0 | 901.7 |
1987 | 59979.0 | 6432.8 | 932.9 |
1988 | 65187.8 | 6748.5 | 966.6 |
1989 | 71119.9 | 7272.4 | 978.5 |
1990 | 78029.9 | 7960.5 | 980.9 |
1991 | 84115.2 | 8427.7 | 998.8 |
1992 | 89120.9 | 8743.3 | 1020.0 |
1993 | 91869.1 | 8882.2 | 1035.1 |
1994 | 95206.2 | 9096.8 | 1047.3 |
1995 | 98150.7 | 9412.5 | 1043.4 |
1996 | 101684.2 | 9639.7 | 1055.6 |
1997 | 106002.8 | 9942.8 | 1066.8 |
1998 | 111499.3 | 10283.7 | 1085.0 |
1999 | 116897.5 | 10441.5 | 1120.3 |
2000 | 122197.7 | 10750.8 | 1137.5 |